Authors: Waghmare S. T*., Belge S. A., Yeole P.T., Kharade S. S., Chavan N. S.
Sandeshwaghmare174@gmail.com
Introduction .
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes are common gram-negative soil borne bacteria causing induction of ‘crown gall' and ‘hairy root' diseases. These bacteria naturally insert their genes into the genome of higher plants. Virulent strains of bacteria introduce a part of their genetic material into the infected cells where it gets integrated randomly with the genetic material of the host cell. The bacterial genes are able to replicate along with the plant genome and uses the machinery of plants to express their genes in terms of the synthesis of a special class of compounds, called opines, which the bacterium uses as nutrients for its growth but are useless to the host cells. A. tumefaciens attracted to the wound site via chemotaxis, in response to a phenolic compound. Infected tumorous plant cells were found to contain DNA of bacterial origin integrated in their genome.The transferred DNA (named T-DNA) was originally part of a small molecule of DNA located outside the chromosome of the bacterium.This DNA molecule is called asTi (tumor-inducing ) plasmid.
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About Author / Additional Info:
I am currently working as Assistant professor at K.K. Wagh College of Agricultural Biotechnology, Nashik